Pity

The negative evaluation and affect (sorrow, discomfort) that witnessing the suffering of others may elicit. Pity is experienced when the target’s suffering is a result of uncontrollable causes, independent of the locus of the cause. Further, pity involves the additional appraisal of feeling concern for someone considered inferior to the self.

Reference:
Florian, V., Mikulincer, M., & Hirschberger, G. (1999). The anatomy of a problematic emotion—the conceptualization and measurement of the experience of pity. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 19(1), 3-25. doi: 10.2190/4JG9-M79P-HJYK-AQNE.

Weiner, B., Graham, S., & Chandler, C. (1982). Pity, Anger, and Guilt: An Attributional Analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 8(2), 226-232. doi: 10.1177/0146167282082007.

Goetz, J. L., Keltner, D., & Simon-Thomas, E. (2010). Compassion: an evolutionary analysis and empirical review. Psychological Bulletin, 136(3), 351-374. doi: 0.1037/a0018807.